A 1915 reprint of a cartoon from 1860 depicts some whimsical ideas of what a voluntary army might contain. This reflects the importance of volunteers being asked to serve when Britain is used to a primarily professional military force.

The cartoon shows a ‘Jewish’ antique dealer praising his grandson for coming up with a new way to sell a 400-year-old gun during a time of war. It illustrates the view that some Jews are unscrupulous and will twist any situation to their money making advantage. While the antique dealer’s religion is not mentioned, he is portrayed with perceived Semitic features, which would have been very familiar to people of the time.

A cartoon concerned with the fact that Britain interned German and other foreigners during the war, which led to many people who had ‘German’ or ‘foreign’ sounding names changing or anglicising their name.

A cartoon depicting an antique dealer as a rogue, one who regularly fools his clients into buying things that are not really antique. While there is no explicit reference to the man’s religion/ethnicity, the caricature is a familiar stereotype of a Jew.

Simply a reference to the involvement of the Zion Mule Corps, under Lt-Col Patterson.

Published in July 1915, ‘Mr Punch Holiday Page’, shows the Goldstein family on holiday, suggesting that certain classes of people continue to enjoy their pre-war life. It also alludes to recent attacks on the British coast by German Naval vessels

A joke about the art of Jacob Epstein, whose sculptures were not to everyone’s taste.

Charivaria – A statement mocking the Kaiser who had entered Jerusalem in 1898 on a white horse to leave his imprint on the ‘Holy City’.

A cartoon showing an elderly gentleman dressed in the style of a Jewish physician from the Middle Ages drinking the elixir of Youth – only to realize that it might mean he has to do military service. A reference to Jews not wanting to serve perhaps?

A mention of General Allenby’s recent victories in the Middle East, and how some of the battles he fought and places he liberated might be used in a future title in the House of Lords, and, if so, how silly those names might sound.

A positive review of a play ‘The Yellow Ticket’ where the female lead is described as ‘a beautiful Jewish heroine'.

A cartoon, both mocking and praising a Gentleman’s ability to ‘carry on’ even in adversity.

A cartoon making fun of older, unfit gentlemen in society, ostensibly getting ready to fight.

A cartoon from November 1914 that mocks the German, Ottoman relationship. A representative of the Ottomans, ‘Mehmet’ is shown travelling in Palestine to hold Jerusalem for the Kaiser, because he once visited there.

A collection of appeals for exemption from the new conscription or ‘Compulsory Service Act’ – a piece that ridicules the excuses and arguments that were put forward. One of the cases is of a bookmaker trying to save his clerk from being conscripted. Although it does not state that the bookmaker is Jewish, he is called Mr Goldstein and it is quite clear that he is believed to be Jewish. Mr Goldstein’s case is mocked alongside non-Jewish cases trying to avoid service.

A cartoon – an amusing and affectionate mocking of the fitness and health of the British middle-aged man.

A commentary piece about the Free Press from Mr Punch’s staff of Learned Circles. In it a reference is made to Hilaire Belloc’s obsession with the Jews and it is implied that the obsession is outdated and pointless, though not to be held against him

A reference to Herbert Samuel MP and his speech in Parliament.

A poem from early 1915 mocks the Turkish/Ottoman Empire trying to move towards the Suez Canal. The poem includes many biblical references as many people in 1915 were familiar with traditional religious ideas and imagery.

The Busy B’s is a verse about John Buchan and Hilaire Belloc, both of whom were involved with supporting the British war effort through their activities and writing. John Buchan is best known for his novel The 39 Steps but during the war he worked in the British War Propaganda Bureau, as well as serving in the British Army in the Intelligence Corps. Hilaire Belloc was also a writer and, at one time, an MP. The poet refers to Belloc as a ‘writer of anti-Semitic lampoons’ without any condemnation or praise, as though it is simply something that is done.

An amusing play on words.

An anti-Kaiser verse blaming the war and its horrors on him and his supporters at the palace of Potsdam.

A theological debate between two servicemen in the trenches concerning the colour of Moses’ skin. There are open references to the colour of the skin of Egyptians and Jews living in Palestine at the time, indicating common prejudices of the period. However, the article is really about the determination and bravery of those fighting even when they hold different views.

An openly hostile and anti-Semitic article from 1918 that demonstrates a belief, held by some, that Jewish businessmen are avoiding fighting and are escaping from the conditions of the war being experienced by others

An article about Goldstein Bey as reported from a speech by ‘Mr Balfour’ MP. In this story the ‘Jewish gentlemen’ is described as having the sympathies of an Englishman.

A verse about the importance of the pawnbroker – who it is clear is Jewish - in helping the middle class to retain their status during the war years.